Compound Exercise: a movement that works multiple muscles and joints at once, making it efficient for strength and fitness. Examples include squats, deadlifts, bench press, pull-ups, overhead press, rows, and lunges.
Isolation Exercises: a movement that targets a single muscle group and joint, making it useful for focused strength or rehab. Examples include bicep curls, tricep pushdowns, leg extensions, hamstring curls, lateral raises, and calf raises.